EV Charging

Chargers can be separated mainly into two categories: slow and fast chargers.
 

Slow AC on-board chargers and fast off-board chargers

• Slow chargers rated for up to 22 kW or lower run mainly on alternating current (AC).
  They draw AC from the grid for the vehicle’s on-board charger (OBC) to convert and convey to the battery. Many homes as well as public and company parking lots are equipped with these AC charging wall boxes.

• Fast chargers with power ratings higher than 22 kW all deliver direct current.
  They convert the power before sending it on to the vehicle, which is why they are also called off-board chargers. As the name would suggest, fast chargers take a lot less time to top off batteries. They are generally found in public spaces, business and shopping areas and at highway charging stations.

* Charging time for 190 km @ 80% SoC, assuming an avg EV battery capacity of 48 kWh and an avg EV consumption of 20 kWh/100 km

Several co-existing standards and IEC norms regulate and standardize AC and DC charging technologies.

Three main charging protocols span the globe,  the CHAdeMO (charge de move), the Combined Charging System (CCS) and the Tesla Supercharger.  The only standard protocol implemented in China is GB/T, which is exclusive to the region.